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Secondary Survey ABCs

The following table shows the AHA-accepted secondary survey ABCD mnemonic for ECC (Emergency Cardiac Care).

A

Airway: Keep airway open with head-tilt, chin lift OR insert an OPA or NPA.

B

Breathing: Start supplementary oxygen and determine if patient needs an advanced airway.

C

Circulation: Establish IV or IO access and attach ECG leads. Give appropriate medications.

D

Differential Diagnosis: Identify and treat reversible causes of cardiac arrest.